See mai kaan haab. See Garnboon. Thai. Name for a sedan chair or litter. 'Kaan' means to carry something with both hands and 'haam' means a sedan chair. Also saliang. See also palanquin, yahnamaht and yahnumaht.
kaan jad dokmai (การจัดดอกไม้) Thai. 'Flower arrangement'. This art form is very traditional, especially in the making of puang malai, flower garlands made from jasmine and other colorful flowers, including orchids. These are thread on a wire with a long needle. Also the arrangement of bouquets using tropical species is very popular (fig.). See also fruit carving.
Thai for education. Thai for Kapilavatthu. Thai. To fulfill a promise by making a votive offer. Often in the form of a paid dance performance near an important shrine, where one earlier prayed or asked for a good result from an event or occasion. Also ...for more order our CDrom...
Thai. A mouth organ. A traditional Thai reed wind instrument with the sound like an organ, mostly played by the people of northeastern Thailand (fig.).
Thai. Carving of vegetables into sculptures following tradition. See also fruit carving. kae salak ponlamai (แกะสลักผลไม้) Thai. The artistic carving of fruit into sculptures or reliefs following tradition. See also fruit carving. Thai. 'Dragon fruit'. Tropical, turnip-like fruit of some species of cactus (fig.), including sevaral kinds of genus, such as the genus hylocereus, stenocereus and selenicereus. The different varieties and have either a pink peel and white flesh (the Vietnamese dragon fruit - fig.), a dark pink to red peel with red flesh (the red dragon fruit - fig.) or a yellow skin with white flesh (the yellow dragon fruit of the genus selenicereus megalanthus), whilst a newly cultivated variety is the green dragon fruit. Whatever their colour, all have their flesh dotted with small black seeds. The fruit usually grows around fifteen to ...for more order our CDrom...
Pali-Thai. The robe of a Buddhist monk. See also traijiewon and pah kahsahwapad. Sanskrit. A mountain in the Himalayas, the dwelling place of Shiva and Parvati. In Thai Krailaat. 1. Thai. Thai Royal regalia (fig.) consisting of the Crown (fig.), the Sword of State (fig.), the Royal Staff (fig.), the Fan with Yak tail (fig.) and the Golden Sandal (fig.). 2. Thai. Royal insignia or emblem, as well as the regalia or royal signs of royal privilege. 1. Sanskrit. Term used to express time and energy, death and creation, as well as the destruction of the universe. Personified as Mahakala, a form of Shiva, and as Kali or Mahakali, a form of his consort Devi. Both represent the terrifying destructive aspects of time. 2. In Thailand, Cambodia and Indonesia, term for kirtimukha. kalachakra (กาลจักร) Sanskrit-Thai. 'Wheel of Time'. Associated with the dance of time and eternity performed by Shiva. See also Nataraja. Sanskrit name for Kalewin. kalae (กาแล) Thai. V or X shaped, often flame like ornament at the top of traditional gabled roofs (fig.) in North Thailand. 'Ka' literally means to cross, and 'lae' means to look or to keep an eye on something. The origin is disputed, but possibly goes back to the crossing of the slanting side beams at the ridge of gabled roofs (fig.), as can still be seen in simple huts today (fig.). 'Ka', however, also means crow, a possible reference to the chofa, that according to some is a highly stylized ...for more order our CDrom...
See kirtimukha. Term from Cham religious architecture referring to a sanctuary in the form of a tower. 1. A water pot alleged to contain the amrita. It is frequently seen as one of the attributes of Padmapani, Kuan Yin, Maitreya, and Kubera.
2. In Hindu and Buddhist architecture the term used for the peak that crowns a stupa.
Thai-Pali. 'Black river'. The capital of Kalasin province (map) in Northeast Thailand, 519 kms Northeast of Bangkok. The province has fourteen amphur and four king amphur.
The reusi who paid homage to the newborn prince Siddharta and to whom the infant showed his first miracle by placing himself on the turban of the sage. Other texts, however, mention a hermit with the name Asita. In Sanskrit Kaladevaila.
1. Sanskrit. In Vedic times the name meant 'the black one' and was associated with Agni, the god of fire, who had seven tongues with which he licked the offerings of butter. Of these seven tongues Kali was the black, terrifying tongue. 2. Sanskrit. The horrifying form of Devi, the consort of Shiva. She is sometimes depicted with a terrifying face with tusks and smeared with blood, and four or more arms, one of which holds a weapon and another sometimes the head of a giant dripping with blood. Her ornaments include snakes, skulls, and figures of children. See also Mahakali (fig.).
3. Sanskrit. Fourth and last of the four yugas, and the present time cycle according to Indian cosmology. For more see Kali Yuga. A renowned poet in India (app. 550 AD) and author of the Sakuntala, a drama in Sanskrit which was translated into Thai by king Vajiravudh. By some called the Indian Shakespeare. Thai name for Kalikdasa. The serpent king with five heads which was subdued by Krishna, when he was a mere child. It lived in a whirlpool of the river Yamuna, polluting the neighborhood with its poison, until it was removed by Krishna. This scene is often depicted in art as the young Krishna dancing on the head of the snake. Sanskrit. The present era or time period and the most depraved of the four yugas, the cycles of creation. This cycle began in 3,102 BC and will last 432,000 years, according to Brahman beliefs. Thai name for Kali Yuga. The tenth, still to appear avatara of Vishnu in the form of a white horse. Riding this horse he will destroy all evil with a blazing sword and restore the innocence in the world, at the end of the present Kali era. Sanskrit. The duration of a cosmic period equaling 4,320,000,000 years for mortals, but just one day and night for Brahma. Sanskrit. A hypostyle hall used for the symbolic marriage of the temple deity. Thai for karma. Sanskrit. 'Love' or 'desire'. In Hinduism personified by Kama. In Buddhism kama refers to both the senses and visible phenomena. The god of love and desire, portrayed as the most handsome of all gods. He carries a bow and arrows, and is also known as Manmatha. The apsaras are his servants. See also kama. The ancient Khmer people. They are the supposed descendants of Kambu Svayambhuva, their eponymous ancestor. The name is still in use in Cambodia. Thai-Rajasap. Meditation in the Buddhist manner, leading to Enlightenment and tranquility of mind. Thai. An elected official who oversees the general welfare of the people in a tambon. kamphaeng kaew (กำแพงแก้ว) Thai. 'Jeweled wall'. A decorated wall built in a temple or palace compound to separate a specially sacred area. Thai. 'Jewelled wall'. Historical capital of a contemporary province (map) of the same name in North Thailand. The city has app. 24,000 inhabitants and is situated 358 kms North of Bangkok. The city was once an important outpost of Sukhothai, and a buffer against attacks from Burma. Its places of interest include the remains of the old city wall (khampaeng), a historical park and a national museum. The region is known for the cultivation of gluay khai, a banana (kluay) shaped like an egg (khai). The province has nine amphur and two king amphur.
Thai name for Cambodia. Thai. Something profound, sacred manuscripts, the bible. Thai name for the Vedas. kampiewehttahng (คัมภีร์เวทางค์) Thai name for Vedanga. Thai. Classifier used to indicate the 'number' of 'sermons' (thet). Thai. 'City of gold'. A provincial capital of app. 37,000 inhabitants in West Thailand, 128 kms from Bangkok, in a province (map) of the same name and initially founded by Rama I as a first defensive buffer against attacks from Burma. Famous for its bridge over the river Kwae Yai (fig.) and the construction of the railway connecting Bangkok with Rangoon, built during WW II by the Japanese occupying forces with the aid of forced labour namely POWs and native workers. Because of the high death rate during construction -it is said one life for each sleeper- the railway was named the Death Railway (fig.). A number of the victims were buried locally in the cemeteries Don Rak (fig.) and Chong Kai. In this jangwat (fig.) there are plenty of places of interest, including the temples Wat Tham Seua, Wat Tham Khao Noi, the Thailand-Burma Railway Centre (fig.), the Hellfire Pass Memorial, a Thai History and WW II Museum (fig.), Khao Laem reservoir (fig.), the town of Sangkhlaburi (fig.) with the country's longest wooden bridge (fig.) and the Three Pagoda Pass. There are also several National Parks and waterfalls including those of Erawan National Park, Sai Yok NP and Sri Nakharin NP, and different historical places, such as Prasat Meuang Singh and ...for more order our CDrom...
The Thai name for Ganesha. Also Phra Kaneht. A general Thai name for macaques. Kayang. Name of a traditional religion as practiced by the Kayang (Kayan) people of Burma and Northern Thailand. Its doctrine asserts that the world was created by the eternal creator Phu Kabukathin assisted by two other deities, that is Ti who created the earth and La Taon who created man and the animals. Kan Khwan belief trusts that all components of the Universe are linked together by a giant spider's web, embracing the earth, the moon and all the stars. In the beginning the land of the earth was fluid, so, the god Phu Kabukathin planted a small post in the ground. As the post grew the earth also grew into seven outer and inner layers and it became firm. The post was named Kan Thein Bo, meaning 'the means of formation ...for more order our CDrom... 1. Thai-Sanskrit. 'Gold' or 'golden', as in 'kanok nakhon' (golden city). 2. Thai. A flame-like design consisting of double curves. See also kranok.
Thai. General name for sweets and sweetmeats. The term is both used generally, and as a prefix with other names to define the type. Thailand has a large variety of sweetmeats, many made on basis of rice flour and sugar.
kanom jah mongkut (ขนมจ่ามงกุฏ) Thai. 'Master's crown'. Name of a small cake-like candy made of wheat flour, a chicken egg, egg yolk, sugar, the thickest part of coconut milk and watermelon seeds. Its bottom resembles a miniature tart which is filled with an orange coloured candy made of egg yolk, sugar and coconut cream and which is flanked by peeled watermelon seeds. The whole resembles a small crown (mongkut).
Thai. Savoury sweetmeats made of thin sheets of rice or wheat dough enclosing minced meat and steamed in small round bamboo baskets called kheng (fig.). The dough wrapping is usually either light green or beige and they come in a variety of different tastes, including pork, crab and shrimp mincemeat. Some varieties are topped with a small piece of carrot as garnishing.
Thai. 'Chinese pastry'. Noodles made from rice flour, produced by pressing rice flower paste through a sieve, into boiling water. Kanom jihn is served mixed or topped with curry or condiments. When mixed with bean curry it is called kanom jihn nahm phrik (a spicy-sweet peanut-like sauce), if mixed with a catfish curry it is called kanom jihn kaeng plah dook (catfish curry), if topped with meat curry it is called kanom jihn kaeng neua (meat curry), if mixed with a fish soup it is called kanom jihn nahm yah (herbal sauce), when eaten with powdered shrimps and pineapple slices, coconut and krathiam (garlic) it ...for more order our CDrom... Thai. Marzipan-like sweets (kanom) made from a paste of steamed green beans mixed with thick coconut milk, sugar and water moulded into miniature tropical fruits or vegetables and coated with a thin layer of jelly, applied by dipping (chub). These gracefully created sweets can be found on food markets as well as at buffets in hotels and restaurants, as a dessert. The term look is a classifier for fruits and vegetables, used in Thai language to ...for more order our CDrom...
Thai. A kind of orange coloured sweetmeat made of egg yolk, sugar and rice flour. It is traditionally eaten on special occasions and ceremonies. There are many kinds, each known by its specific name e.g. kanom foi thong (fluffy gold sweet), kanom thong yib (picked gold sweet), kanom met kanun (jackfruit seed sweet), kanom thong yod (oily gold sweet) and kanom thong phlu (rocket gold sweet). Thong means gold and refers to its orange colour.
The snow-white horse of prince Siddharta, born on the same day as its master. After carrying the prince away from the palace during the Great Departure, the horse died of sorrow.
Son of Uma or Devi, the shakti or consort of Shiva. Also Subramaniam and in Thai usually called Phra Kanthakuman.
Kayang. 'The means of formation of earth'. Name of a kind of totempole worshipped by the Kayang people of Burma and Northern Thailand. It is said that after the creation of the earth all land was fluid and Phu Kabukathin, the eternal creator, therefore planted a small post in the ground, enabling earth to grow and the land to become firm. This eventually enabled the Kayang people to settle down. Every year between March and April, the Kayang erect a new pole, if possible, made from the eugenia, the first tree said to ever been created. The pole comprises of the sun, at its peak; the sanctuary, a place where the deities reside; and the streamer, a ladder that connects earth with heaven, with at the top a spider's web that ...for more order our CDrom...
Thai. A chapter in the jataka. See also kan and thet. Thai term for an eave bracket. Thai name for the artocarpus heterophyllus (fig.), a large fruit (fig.) and its tree, of the genus artocarpus which also includes the breadfruit tree, and has the western nickname 'jackfruit'. The fruits have a dark yellow and very sweet flesh (fig.) which sit like small bags around the thumb sized seeds in an an enormous browngreen husk with short, hexagonal, blunt prickles ...for more order our CDrom...
Thai. See sake. See ganya. Thai. 'Chestnut'. Name of a glossy hard brown edible nut, a seed of the tree bearing it. Roast chestnuts or kaolad kua have a oily sweet taste and are considered a real delicacy. The tree has a Chinese character and roast chestnuts are widely sold at Yaowarat Road in Samphantawong, Bangkok's Chinatown. Also transcribed gaolad.
In the Ramakien the wife of the mythological king Totsarot of Ayutthaya, and mother of Rama. MORE ON THIS. Pali for Kapilavatthu. Sanskrit. The empire in nowadays southern Nepal (formerly India) where king Suddhodana, the father of the historical Buddha ruled, and consequently the birthplace of prince Siddhartha. See also Lumbini. In Pali called Kapilavasthu and in Thai Kabinlaphad. Name
of a tropical tree of the order malvales and the family malvaceae. Its
scientific name is ceiba pentandra and previously it was separated in
the family bombacaceae. There are many different species and it is
also known as ceiba, silk-cotton tree, Java cotton or Java kapok. In
Thailand the tree is of a medium size and grows up to 15 meters but
some species may grow as high as seventy meters tall with a very
substantial trunk up to three meters in diameter and
Japanese. 'Empty orchestra'. Entertainment in nightclubs, bars, saloons, roadside shops, etc. Customers sing to a backing track whilst the song text appears on a video or computer screen. In Thailand this form of entertainment has become so popular causing the spread of so-called karaoke booths, solitary enclosures with a private coin-operated VCD player, microphone and screen where one chooses a listed song by typing in its code, jukebox-style (fig.). Karaoke-equipment can even be found in ...for more order our CDrom...
Sanskrit. A mythical creature half human and half bird. See also Garuda. Thai. The common name for the kradang nga ngaw. Also transcribed karawek. With around 265,000 the Karen are the largest hill tribe in Thailand. They have lived in the region for many centuries and are divided into several subgroups. In Thailand, the most numerous are the Sakoh (Sgaw), Pwo and Kayah, besides the Kayang and Paduang, both Long Neck Karen. The word 'Karen' is not known to the different subgroups themselves and the Thai call them Kariang and Nyang. The term is however generally used by anthropologists when referring to certain tribes who speak closely related tongues and who are not that related to the languages of other hill tribes. They are therefore placed in a separate category within the Tibeto-Burman family of the Sino-Tibetan language ...for more order our CDrom...
Thai name for Karen. The law of cause and effect, in which one's present state is the result of actions from the past, either in this life or in former lives. Karma ends when one attains nirvana and the cycle of death and rebirth is broken. Karma is closely linked with samsara and transmigration. In Thai kam. 1. Thai for curry. 2. Thai slang for a prostitute. The god of war, leader of Shiva's troops and usually considered to be the son of Shiva and Parvati. He is often represented with six heads and six arms, holding a double thunderbolt, a sword, a trident, and riding a mayura. In art from Champa his mount is a rhinoceros. In South India he is known as Subrahmanya. As the son of Shiva he is ...for more order our CDrom... Thai-rajasap meaning 'king', 'raja', 'ruler', 'potentate' and 'monarch'. Its is an abbreviation of the Thai word kasatriya which itself is derived from the Hindi word Kshatriya. Thai-rajasap meaning 'king', 'raja', 'ruler', 'potentate' and 'monarch'. Its is derived from the Hindi word Kshatriya. It is generally used abbreviated (kasat), whereas the full word appears only in compound words, called kham samaht. Thai. Meditation of the four elements, but in general also used as a term for any form of meditation. 1. A buddha of the past, a precursor of the historical Buddha. 2. The monk who succeeded the Buddha as leader of the Sangha. In mural paintings usually portrayed as an old man accompanied by the young monk Ananda, the Buddha's nephew and his most important disciple. Also Maha Kassapa. Thai term for a verse in Pali or the text of a thet or sermon. Thai name for gada. Indian nat.
Thai. The period of one month following the rainy season or 'pansa', when pious laymen bring gifts and robes to all the monks of a temple, usually in the month of November. For this ceremony people will collect money on a small leafless tree by going around or by placing it in their business or at the temple to which anyone can makes a donation (tamboon) by attaching a banknote to its branches. On a certain day, or when this money tree (fig.) is considered full, it will be offered to the monks, often together with monk's robes. This tradition goes back to the assignment the Buddha gave to his first disciples to find their own robe, rather than buying one. He pointed to pieces of cloth hanging from tree branches in the forest, torn off from passer-by's clothes. These could easily be used to make a robe by stitching them together and then dying it. This ...for more order our CDrom... kathin phra racha thaan (กฐินพระราชทาน) Thai. The kathin ceremony performed by the king or a state dignitary in name of and representing the king. Also kathin luang. See also Royal Barges.
See kathuy. Thai for transvestite. In Thailand the term refers usually to men who dress as girls or act girlish. In most large cities, many cabarets are performed by those so-called 'lady boys' and draw large crowds of curious tourists from all over the world. Sometimes called the third gender. Also kathoy.
Descendants of the Lunar king Kuru, a royal family branch in the Indian epos Mahabharata. See also Pandava. A magical gem that surfaced during the churning of the Ocean of Milk and is worn on the chest by both Vishnu and Krishna. Ruler of Lampang and Chiang Mai in the beginning of the Chakri dynasty. See Chao Kawila. A subgroup of the Karen in Thailand. Name of one of the subgroups of the Longneck Karen, in Thai called Kayang. One of the subgroups of the Longneck Karen in Thailand, originally from Burma. They live mainly in the province of Mae Hong Son. The name also refers to their language. Also called Kayan. Their religion, in which they worship the Kan Thein Bo pole, is called Kan Khwan.
A subgroup of the Karen hill tribe whose women are typified by their long earlobes. MORE ON THIS.
A spherical drinking vessel, usually with a bulbous spout. Ketu (เกตุ) 1. Sanskrit-Thai. The lower part of Rahu that represents his tail and is considered the personification of comets and meteorites, whilst the upper part of Rahu travels through the universe in a chariot pulled by eight black horses. The demon Rahu was cut in two by Vishnu using his chakra for secretly lining up among the gods and receiving a portion of the amrita. Ketu is one of the nine gods worshipped in the phra prajam wan system of the Hindus, lined up in ...for more order our CDrom... |
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