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ဗမာအက္ခရာ
Introduction
This
section is intended as a reference and aid to help recognize and determine the
transcription of the Burmese script used in the
lexicon.
Burmese script is easily recognizable
by the overall presence of c-like semi-circular shapes, with numerous
combinations of this shape and the opening of the c-shape possible in any
direction. It is written from left to right using an abugida writing system in
which each consonant has the inherent vowel ‘a’, which is however often reduced
to ‘e’ [ə] when another syllable follows in the same word. Akin to the Thai
script, vowels are indicated by diacritics, which are placed above, below,
before or after the consonant character. In addition, Burmese also uses stacked
consonants, i.e. certain sequences of consonants that are written one atop the
other. Burmese script requires no spaces between words.
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Consonants
- က
..... k
- ခ
.....
kh
- ဂ
.....
g
- ဃ
..... g
- င
..... ng (ŋ/ṅ)
- စ
..... s
- ဆ
..... sh
- ဇ
..... z
- ဈ
..... z
- ဉ
.....
ny (ɲ)
- ည
.....
ny (ɲ)
- ဋ
..... t
- ဌ
..... ht
- ဍ
..... dt
- ဎ
..... d
- ဏ
..... n
- တ
..... t
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- ထ
..... ht
- ဒ
..... d
- ဓ
..... d
- န
..... n
- ပ
..... p
- ဖ
..... ph
- ဗ
..... b
- ဘ
..... b
- မ
..... m
- ယ .....
y
- ရ
.....
r/y
- လ .....
l
- ဠ
.....
l
- ဟ
.....
h
- ဝ
..... w
- သ
.....
th (θ)
- အ
..... '/a (ʔ/glottal
stop)
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Additionally, the following letters are
used as special consonants:
ျ
.....
y
(used only with
က ခ ဂ ဃ င ပ ဖ ဗ မ လ သ; e.g.
ကျ .... ky)
ြ
.....
y/r
(used mostly with just
က ခ ဂ ဃ င ပ ဖ ဗ မ; e.g.
ကြ .... ky/kr)
ွ
.....
w (similar to
ဝ
.....
w, but placed underneath)
္လ .....
l
ရှ
(ရ
+ ှ)
/
လျှ
(လ
+ ှ+
ျ)
..... sh
Vowels
open vowels, all with
' (အ)
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အ
.....
'/a
အာ့
..... a
အာ/အါ
..... aa (ah/ā)
အား/အါး
..... a
အဲ့
..... e
အယ်
..... e
အဲ
..... e (ē)
အိ
..... i
အိး
..... i
အီ
..... ie (ih/ī)
ေအာ့
..... ao
(o/aw) |
ေအာ် .....
ao (o/aw)
ေအာ/ေအါ
..... ao (o/aw)
အို့ .....
o
အို
..... oh
အိုး
..... o
အု
.....
u (oe)
အူ
..... uu (oeh/ū)
အူး
..... u (oe)
ေအ့
..... e (ei/e)
ေအ
..... e (ei/ē)
ေအး
.... e (ei/ē) |
final n vowels, all
with ' (အ)
and -n (န)
or -in (င်)
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အန့်
..... an
အန်
..... an
အန်း
..... an
အင့်
.....
in
အင်
.....
in
အင်း
.....
in
အုန့်
.....
on
အုန်
.....
on
အုန်း
.....
on
အွန့်
.....
oon
(oen/ūn)
အွန်
.....
oon
(oen/ūn)
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အွန်း
.....
oon
(oen/ūn)
အိုင့်
..... ain
အိုင်
..... ain
အိုင်း
..... ain
အိန့်
.....een
(ein/ēn)
အိန်
..... een
(ein/ēn)
အိန်း
..... een
(ein/ēn)
ေအာင့်
..... aun
(own)
ေအာင်
..... aun
(own)
ေအာင်း
.....
aun
(own) |
final stopped vowels
(stopped tone only), all with ' (အ)
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အတ်/အပ်
..... a
အက်
..... e (dull)
အစ်
.....
i
အုတ်/အုပ်
.....
o |
အွတ်
..... u
(oe)
အိုက်
..... ai
အိတ်/အိပ်
..... ei
ေအာက်
..... au |
Numerals
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၁
..... 1
၂
..... 2
၃
..... 3
၄
..... 4
၅
..... 5 |
၆
..... 6
၇
..... 7
၈
..... 8
၉ ..... 9
၀ ..... 0 |
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Peculiarities
၌ locative, to
indicate place (in, at,... )
၏ full stop sentences
ending with a verb
၎င်း
idem ditto
၍
sentence connector to connect two trains of thought
ှ
makes sonorant consonant voiceless (h)
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