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ភាសាខែ្មរ
Introduction
This
section is intended as a reference and aid to help transcribe or
recognize Khmer or Cambodian words. Whilst the Khmer alphabet is related
to Sanskrit and Pali, it closely resembles the Thai and Lao alphabets,
which both were developed from it. Like
Sanskrit, Khmer has
an alphabet in which each consonant has an
inherent vowel, being either an ‘a’ or an ‘o’, and vowels exist
independently as separate letters as well as in a diacritic form. The
pronunciation of the vowels depends on whether a consonant has an
inherent ‘a’ or an inherent ‘o’. All consonants also have a subscript
form which is used to form consonant clusters.
The script used is the Khmer UI
System. Note that the subscript consonants and some vowels or other
characters in Khmer script may be displayed erroneous in certain
browsers. If subscript consonants are displayed twice the same character
with a plus mark (+) underneath, then the script is flawed. If so, the
correct form can be seen either by downloading additional software or by
copying the text in a Word file. You may also
click here to see the
text in a Word file, or
click here
to visit an adapted
page of this section of an earlier edition,
which uses picture files for the Khmer vowel diacritics and subscript
consonants, rather than typed text.
See also
comparative language list.
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Consonants
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First Group
ក .....
ga (ka)
ខ
.....
kha
ច .....
ja (ča)
ឆ .....
cha (čha)
ដ .....
da (ṭa)
ឋ .....
dta (ṭha)
ត .....
ta
ថ .....
tha
ប .....
ba (pa)
ផ .....
pha
ណ .....
ṇo/na
(ɳ)
ស .....
sa
ហ.....
ha
ឡ.....
la
អ.....
‘a
ឝ .....
ša
|
Second Group
គ
.....
go (ko)
ឃ
.....
kho
ជ
.....
jo (čo)
ឈ
.....
cho (čho)
ឌ
.....
ḍo
ឍ
.....
tho (dho)
ទ
.....
dto (dto)
ធ
.....
tho (dho)
ព
.....
bpo (po)
ភ
.....
pho (pho)
ន
.....
no
ង
.....
ngo (ŋ/ṅ)
ម
.....
mo
ញ
.....
ño/nyo
រ
.....
ro
យ
.....
yo
ល
.....
lo
វ
.....
wo/vo
ឞ.....
ṣo
|
~
Subscript
Consonants
|
ក្ក
ខ្ខ
ច្ច
ឆ្ឆ
ដ្ដ
ឋ្ឋ
ត្ត
ថ្ថ
ប្ប
ផ្ផ
ហ្ហ
ឡ្ឡ
អ្អ
|
គ្គ
ឃ្ឃ
ជ្ជ
ឈ្ឈ
ឌ្ឌ
ឍ្ឍ
ទ្ទ
ធ្ធ
ព្ព
ភ្ភ
|
ង្ង
ញ្ញ
ណ្ណ
ន្ន
ម្ម
យ្យ
រ្រ
ល្ល
ឝ្ឝ
ឞ្ឞ
ស្ស
វ្វ
|
Vowels
|
ឣ
.....
a
ឤ
.....
ah
ឥ
.....
i
ឦ
.....
ih
ឧ
.....
u
ឩ
.....
uh/oo
|
ឯ
.....
e
ឰ
.....
ai
ឱ
.....
oh
ឲ
.....
oh
ឳ
.....
au
ឥ.....
varies from word to word
|
~
Vowel
Diacritics
|
First Group
ក .....
ka
កា
.....
kaa
កិ
.....
ke (keu)
កី
.....
kay
កឹ
.....
keu
កឺ
.....
keuh
កុ
.....
ko
កូ
.....
koa
កូវ
.....
kow
កួ
.....
kooa
កើ
.....
kar
កឿ
.....
keu-a
កៀ
.....
kee-a
កេ
.....
kay
កែ
.....
kai
កៃ .....
kai
កោ
.....
kao
កៅ
.....
kao
កុំ
..... kom
កំ
.....
kom
កាំ
.....
kum
កះ
.....
ka
កុះ
.....
ko
កេះ
.....
ke
កោះ
.....
ko |
Second Group
គ
.....
ko
គា
.....
kee-a
គិ
.....
ki/keu
គី
.....
kee
គឹ
.....
keu
គឺ
.....
keuh
គុ
.....
ku
គូ
.....
kuh
គូវ
.....
koow
គួ
.....
kooa
គើ
.....
ker
គឿ
.....
keu-a
គៀ
.....
kee-a
គេ
.....
kay
គែ
.....
kair
គៃ
.....
kay-ee
គោ
.....
koa
គៅ
.....
kou
គុំ
.....
koom
គំ
.....
koom
គាំ
.....
koa-um
គះ
.....
kay-a
គុះ
.....
kooh
គេះ
.....
kih/keh
គោះ
.....
koo-ah
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Numerals
| |
๑
.....
1
๒
.....
2
๓
.....
3
๔
.....
4
๕
.....
5 |
๖
.....
6
๗
.....
7
๘
.....
8
๙
.....
9
0 ..... 0 |
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Peculiarities
ឫ
.....
reu
ឬ
.....
reuh
ឭ
.....
leu
ឮ
.....
leuh
បា
.....
baa
=
ប
+
ា
ឥ
.....
independent vowel with varying pronunciation (ay, ...)
។
.....
full stop, used at the end of a sentence
ៗ
.....
used for repetition
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