Thai. Any festival traditionally held at the end of autumn, as in 'saad kanom koh', an annual festival held more or less during fall, when Chinese sweetmeat made of rice flour is eaten. The term is however often used popularly for any annual festival. See also krayahsaad. Thai. 'Savant' or 'religious prophet'. A name for the historical Buddha, the Enlightened One. Thai. A pestle used to grind things in a mortar called krok (fig.). Thai for the story of the Three Kingdoms. Saam Liam Thong Kham (สามเหลี่ยมทองคำ) Thai for the Golden Triangle. Thai. 'Tricycle'. Thai for a rickshaw. When motorized it is nicknamed a tuktuk (fig.) after the sound of its engine.
Thai name for the entada spiralis, a large kind of sea bean. Thai. A sarong-like lower garment of a Buddhist monk, worn below the angsa and underneath the pahkahsahwapad. A large bird in the epic Ramakien. It brought Rama the news of Sita's kidnapping and showed him her ring ...for more order our CDrom... Sanskrit. Someone who renounces the secular world and strives for a religious life. Thai. Ritual to get rid of bad luck, usually by sprinkling holy water on the head. Thai. The belief in a religion. Thai. 'Army' or 'military might'. Also kong thap. 1. Spice made from the fried pistils and styles of the saffron, a kind of crocus. In occurs both dried and in powdered form (fig.). In Thai ya faran.
2. Yellow colouring matter gained from the saffron crocus. Thai name for the Chinese pear or sand pear, of the genus pyrus. It has succulent creamy-white flesh and tastes either sweet or sweet and a little sour. Its flesh is sandy and crispy or soft in some varieties.
See naen. sahn lak meuang (ศาลหลักเมือง) Thai. A shrine in Thailand housing the lak meuang, or city pillar.
Thai name for spirit house. Paper made from the paper mulberry tree. In Thai kradaat sah. See also ton sah. Thai. A relic of the Buddha. See also Phramahathat. Sahsanah Phraam (ศาสนาพราหมณ์) Thai name for Brahmanism. Ancient civilization that existed about 4,000 years ago in the region of present day Vietnam and which is considered the precursor of Cham culture. Thai. 'Offering into an alms bowl'. Making merit by putting food into the alms bowl of Buddhist monks. See also tamboon sai baat (fig.) and bintabaat. Thai. 'Pork sausage'. Dish made of minced pork mixed with boiled rice and lard, stuffed into a pig's entrails and grilled over a gridiron. It is eaten with fresh sliced ginger, cabbage and whole but small chili peppers called prik kih noo. It is usually sold on street side footstalls and comes either as ...for more order our CDrom...
Sanskrit. 'Ruler of the mountain'. A Mahayana Buddhist dynasty that ruled in central Java during the eighth and ninth centuries AD, and in Shrivijaya from the eighth to the thirteenth century AD. Thai. A white thread used in various ceremonies in Thailand. It is symbolic for the sutra, the teachings of the Buddha. It is held by Buddhist monks whilst chanting mantras or put around a temple building (fig.), house or entire village to dispel evil spirits. In the seubchatah ceremony it spans the interior of the bot, starting from the main Buddha image in the building (fig.), and on other occasions it is tied around the wrists (fig.) as a talisman. It is also used in funerals (fig.) and wedding ceremonies (fig.). ...for more order our CDrom...
See reclining Buddha. Thai. 'To tattoo'. In Thai tradition tattoos usually have a protective purpose and may have a religious or animist significance. They are ritually made by hand using a 'khem sak', a heavy metal pin (fig.). Often they are made by special gifted monks or Luang Pho. Commonly seen tattoos are Hanuman, a jumping tiger usually tattooed on the chest, the words 'mother' and 'father' tattooed on the left and right upper arm, yan signs and ancient Khmer writings (fig.). Another belief has it that certain tattoos protect against gun bullets. They are popular amongst soldiers and police stationed in troubled areas and some popular designs include the 'kawyod', a design on the back of the neck and ten Buddha images on the back. It is alleged that sacred tattoos with supernatural power are best applied on a Thursday as this is ...for more order our CDrom...
Thai. 'Crystal pool'. Province (map) and its capital city in East Thailand, 237 kms East of Bangkok. The province borders Cambodia and like Prachinburi is scattered with less important and smaller ruins from both the Dvaravati and Khmer period. Unfortunately it is of little interest to the accidental visitor as most ruins are not restored and some are little more than a few odd blocks of laterite. A gateway for trade with Cambodia at the border district of Aranya Prathet. The province has seven amphur and two king amphur. Also Sa Kaew and Sra Kaeo (Sra Kaew).
Thai. Name for the breadfruit and its tree. The species is related to the kanun and is also called kanun sampalo. Its scientific name is artocarpus altilis and it belongs to the botanic family of the moraceae. The fruit may weigh up to 2 kilograms and has a thick green peel that turns yellow when the fruit ripens. In Thailand it is mainly picked when still unripe and used as a vegetable in curries, or deep-fried and eaten ...for more order our CDrom...
A significant subgroup of the Karen in Thailand. Also Sgaw. MORE ON THIS. Province (map) and its capital city in Isaan situated 647 kms Northeast of Bangkok. The city is located on Nong Han Lake, Thailand's largest natural lake. Its water however is contaminated with the hazardous bilharzia. This region is known as the place with the most registered cases of bilharzia in the world. Another controversial reputation of this city is the consumption of cooked dog at the local dog market, a custom introduced by the Soh, an ethnic minority group in the region. Highlights in the province include Phu Phaan National Park, an area of approximately 665 kms² said to ...for more order our CDrom...
1. Thai. 'Sacred' or 'holy'. 2. Thai. Special spiritual powers attributed to certain Buddhist monks in Thailand. These monks, called Phra saksit, often transfer their powers (saksit) onto amulets and votive tablets (fig.) which are consequently considered a safeguard against evil influences and bad luck. Saksit also means 'effective'. MORE ON THIS. A Sanskrit drama written by the Indian poet Kalikdasa and translated into Thai by king Vajiravudh. Pali. The clan or tribe to which prince Siddhartha belonged. He became the historical Buddha. In Sanskrit Shakya. Sakyamuni (ศากยมุนี) Pali-Thai. 'Sage of the Sakya tribe'. A designation for the historical Buddha after he was apprenticed by the brahman master Arada Kalapa and the sage Udraka Ramaputra. In Sanskrit Shakyamuni. Thai. Fruit with the Latin names zalacca and salacca and a palm tree with a height of up to seven meters. The tree bears fruit throughout the year. The skin has the pattern of a snake's skin. This nutritious fruit grows in large tight bunches at the top of the tree trunk and tastes between a banana and a pineapple but has a rather unpleasant aftertaste. It is nicknamed snake fruit and in Indonesia and Malaysia is known as salak. A variation of the fruit is called ra-kam, but these are slightly shorter and more bulbous in shape than the sa-la.
1. Thai. An open sided shelter, hall or pavilion of a permanent nature consisting only of pillars and a roof as protection against the sun and rain. It occurs within the precincts of a temple complex, on waysides and in fields (fig.).
2. Thai. A hall or pavilion. 3. Thai. A public building. Thai for dim sam. A tree which grows up to 15 meters high and has the Latin name couropita guianensis and belongs to the family of dipterocarpaceae. The Buddha is said to have died stretched out between two such trees (fig.) and according to some sources he was also born underneath this tree. In iconography, generally depicted as Maha Maya holding a tree branch with her right hand (fig.) and sometimes with an infant emerging from her side (fig.). Some sources speak however of the prince's birth taking place under a teak tree (fig.). The tree can be recognized by its typical reddish pink flowers that grow directly from its stem (fig.), and from its large round seeds (fig.) that gives the tree the epithet cannonball tree. Often ...for more order our CDrom...
1. Thai. A monetary unit and a coin with a value of a quarter of a baht, i.e. a twenty-five satang coin. 2. Thai. Weight measurement used by jewelers and pharmacists in Thailand, equal to a quarter of a baht, i.e. 3.75 grams. Thai. 'Sedan chair'. In Thai also kaanhaam, yahnamaht and yahnumaht. See also palanquin. See nah kleua. Sanskrit. One of the four Vedas. Thai for 'meditation'. The historical Buddha attained Enlightenment seated in a position of concentration or meditation, as is seen in images depicted with a dhyani mudra. Generally meditation is an attempt to experience the deepest realities by inner contemplation.
Thai. 'Hermit' or 'ascetic'. Thai. The eight necessary articles or utensils required by Buddhist monks in daily life. These include an alms bowl or baat, clothing or pahkahsahwapad, a needle, a razor, a water filter and an umbrella. Also borikaan. Ascetics, mendicant monks or wanderers of diverse religious discipline in ancient India. The term today refers to a novice in the Buddhist order. Thai. A former Buddhist monk defrocked as a result of a serious transgression. See also abat and Buddhist precepts. King from the Thai story Sangthong whose daughter Rochana married Phra Sang. Chinese-Thai. Originally a small sailing boat used as coastal vessel in China, but in Thailand the popular name for reua jaew, a small rowing boat. Khmer. A piece of clothing covering the lower part of the body, usually worn by male gods in Khmer art.
Sanskrit. The transmigration of the soul caused by the perpetual cycles of birth, aging, death and rebirth, accompanied by suffering. Both Hindus and Buddhists try to break this cycle by striving for the elimination of lust and desire. Large island (map) in the Gulf of Thailand off the coast of mainland Surat Thani, the southern province of which it is also a part. Although its port and main commercial center are in Nathon, Chaweng is its main holiday destination, offering many shops and restaurants, as well as nightclubs and accommodation in any category. Another place on the rise is Lamai, just a short distance south of Chaweng. Besides the many pristine sandy beaches Samui also has some waterfalls (fig.), numerous coconut plantations, the unusual 'grandfather and grandmother' rock formations (fig.), a safari park, the Big Buddha (fig.) on nearby Koh Fahn island, etc. Only a short boat trip away to its West is Ang Thong National Marine Park and to its North lies the popular 'hippy island' Pha Ngan. Samui is often referred to as Koh Samui or Ko Samui, meaning ...for more order our CDrom... Name of a province (map) and its capital city in the region of central Thailand, 29 kms south of the center of Bangkok. The most densely populated provincial capital of Thailand with approximately 72,000 inhabitants on an area of approximately just 1,004 square kms and bordering Bangkok. Generally known as Meuang Pahk Nahm, the city at the estuary because of its location at the mouth of the Chao Phya river (fig.), near the Gulf of Thailand, a place with many sandbanks and bars called sandon (fig.). Places of interest include the Phra Chulachomklao fortress dating from 1893 and built near the river mouth as a defensive outpost for Bangkok (fig.), and Phra Samut Chedi, a chedi whose construction started during the rule of king Phra Phutta Leut La and ended in the period of king Phra Nang Klao. Today it is situated on the banks of the Chao Phraya river (fig.), but at the time it stood in the middle of the river on a small island. Hence its name Phra Chedi Klang Nahm (chedi in the middle of the water). At the Chulachomklao navy-yard on the West bank near the Gulf of Thailand, stands a statue of king Chulachomklao (fig.) and is a naval museum, consisting of a large battle ship (fig.) and a garden with naval armaments (fig.). There is also the Erawan Museum (fig.) a crocodile farm and Meuang Boraan, an open-air museum (fig.) consisting of a contrived village (meuang) with statues, traditional houses and ...for more order our CDrom...
Thai. 'Ocean city'. A province (map) and its capital city of the same name on the Gulf of Thailand, bordering Bangkok 36 kms to the West of the centre. Also known as Mahachai, due to the Mahachai canal that crosses the province as well as the Tachin river that links Samut Songkhram with Bangkok. The province has ...for more order our CDrom...
Thai. 'Ocean of
war'. Name of a province (map)
and its modern coastal capital in West
Thailand, 72 kms southwest of Bangkok and
located on a sharp curve in the Mae Khlong river. The
city is therefore also generally known by the epithet Mae Khlong. It is Thailand's
smallest province covering an area of just 416 square kms and is situated in
West Thailand on the Gulf of Thailand. The region
has an abundance of waterways and canals on which several talaat nahm or 'floating markets' can be found. Easy
irrigation from the nearby sea gives rise to many shrimp farms as well as salt
fields (fig.).
It is the birthplace of the famous
Thai. The Phra Meru field in Bangkok in front of the royal palace. On this large grassland often kite flying fights are held, the annual royal ploughing ceremony takes place and members of the royal family are cremated. In 1948 the first weekend market in Bangkok was established here, but in 1982 it was relocated to its present-day site on Phahon Yothin Road and renamed the Phahon Yothin Market, which later became the Chatuchak Weekend Market. An important Buddhist site where the emperor Ashoka, in the third century BC, had the Great Stupa built which was doubled in size about a hundred years later. See Prasat Satjathamm. An aromatic and lightweight kind of wood very suitable for fine detailed woodcarvings and thus highly popular (fig.). It is also the ingredient for thanaka (fig.). In Thai called mai jan. Name of a tiny species of crab of the genus scopimera inflata and belonging to the family of ocypodidae. They don't grow much larger than a mere 1.5 centimeter and have pincers that point downwards, enabling them to scoop sand into their highly adapted mouthparts at high speed. They feed on organic matter and microscopic small creatures called myofauna that are living in the upper layer of damped soil on sandy beaches. Soon after the tide has exposed the beach these tiny crabs emerge from small burrows in the sand and start sieving detritus from the sand. During this process they pass sand particles through their mouths, filtering the edible elements out and regurgitating unwanted particles in the form of tiny pellets of sand, which they discard all over ...for more order our CDrom... Thai. A bar at the mouth of a river, especially the bar at the mouth of the Chao Phrya river in Samut Prakan, where reua khut (dredgers) with the appropriate name 'sandon' can be seen (fig.) looking after the draught, that is the depth of the river needed to navigate a ship.
Thai name for Sankha. Thai. 'Fiber gourd' or 'cob gourd'. A name for luffa. Thai. The community of monks that follow the Buddhist canon. One element of the Trairat, together with the Buddha and the Dhamma. Sanskrit. The monks quarters in a Buddhist temple complex. 'Happiness'. Chinese sign or character often seen on jewelry, imprint or inscription, especially in Chinese temples and in art. Also foo. Thai. A yellow or orange piece of additional clothing folded in a very particular way into a rectangle and worn by monks over the left shoulder during religious services inside the monastery or temple and as protection against the cold. Thai-Pali. Grand Council held by the Buddhist Sangha for the purpose of revising the Tripitaka. There was one held in Chiang Mai in 1477 AD. Also ...for more order our CDrom... See Sangkayana. Chinese name for Sawankhalok. Also Sangkhalok.
See Sangkalok. Hero from a Thai story of the same name. He had a body of gold and married Rochana, the daughter of king Samon. Also Phra Sang. See also kumaanthong.
Sanskrit. 'Conch of victory'. An attribute of several gods (fig.) and the instrument used by Vishnu to herald his victories over the demons. It is also a symbol for the primordial sound and is also present in Buddhism. In Thai Sang and Phrasong.
Thai word meaning 'entertaining, amusing, pleasant, enjoyable, to have a good time, to be vivacious and to enjoy'. Also sanook sanahn. Sometimes transcribed sanuk. Sanskrit (संस्कृतम्) An ancient language from India meaning 'pure'. Etymologically it is of Indo-European origin and is used in the sacred texts of Hinduism. In Buddhism it is the language of Mahayana Buddhism compared to Pali, that is used in Theravada or Hinayana Buddhism. In Thai also Phasa Sanskrit. Western name for krathon. A wife of Rama V and mother to Wachirawut who being the eldest son of this queen ascended the throne as Rama VI (fig.) in 1910. Thai for 'bridge'. Sanskrit. Term referring to the seven great rivers mentioned in the Vedas, i.e. the Ganges, Jumna, Sarsuti, Satlej, Parushni, Marudvridha and Arjikija. Sometimes the term refers to the seven great world seas. See also panjanatie. Name of a province (map) and its capital city in Central Thailand, 110 kms north of Bangkok with a population of 64,000. In the province of the same name there is the famous but controversial temple Wat Tham Khao Krabok, a place where opium and heroin addicts are treated by means of herbs in a strict regime, combined with teachings from the dhamma. This province also has a temple which is bestowed with the highest possible royal title of Rajavora Maha Vihaan, namely Wat Phra Phutthabaat (fig.). Throughout Thailand there are only a few temples conferred with this high royal title. The temple houses a footprint of the Buddha (Phraphutthabaht) in a small beautifully decorated mondop. This giant footprint was discovered during the rule of king Song Tham (1610 to 1628) and bears the 108 ...for more order our CDrom...
See Traisarana. Sarasvati (สรัสวดี) The Hindu goddess of art and learning, and the consort of Brahma (fig.). In Mahayana Buddhism she is the goddess of education, music and poetry, and the consort of Manjushri. Her mount is a peacock. In Thai called Surasvati and Surasvati Devi.
Sariputta (สาริพุทธา) Pali-Thai. One of the chief disciples of the Buddha, in Burmese religious art usually depicted together with Mogallana (fig.) seated in front of a Buddha image. In Thailand more likely seen in a standing pose, in front of Buddha images. In Sanskrit Sariputtra.
Sanskrit-Thai for Sariputta. Location near Varanasi in North India, where the Buddha held his first public discourse after he had attained Enlightenment. This first sermon was given to the panjawakkie or five ascetics in a deer park. See also dhammachakka. Thai. Garment consisting of a waistcloth hanging from the hips (fig.), as worn in India and in some countries of Southeast Asia. In Thailand the pattern of a sarong often indicates which part of the country one comes from. Girls may wear a similar waistcloth called phah thung ( |
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